What is the primary component of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are complex molecular machines found within all living cells, and they play a critical role in protein synthesis. The primary component of ribosomes consists of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins. This combination allows ribosomes to perform their function of translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into amino acid sequences, effectively synthesizing proteins.

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is a type of RNA, forms the structural core of the ribosome and provides a scaffold that enables the ribosome to hold the mRNA and transfer RNA (tRNA) in place during protein synthesis. It also possesses catalytic properties, facilitating the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids brought by tRNA. The proteins associated with rRNA help maintain the structure of the ribosome and assist in its functioning.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary components of ribosomes. While DNA plays a significant role in genetics, it is not a component of ribosomes. Carbohydrates and lipids, while essential biomolecules in other contexts, do not make up ribosomal structure. Similarly, enzymes and substrates are crucial in biochemical reactions but are not part of the ribosomal architecture or function. Thus, the correct understanding lies in recognizing the integral roles that RNA