What characterizes monoculture in agriculture?

Monoculture in agriculture is characterized by growing a single crop species in a specific area, which defines the practice of planting large areas with one type of crop at a time. This method allows farmers to specialize in one crop that can be optimized for yield, making it possible to streamline practices such as planting, harvesting, and applying fertilizers or pesticides specific to that crop type. While monoculture can lead to increased efficiency and higher yields in the short term, it often poses risks such as vulnerability to pests and diseases, soil depletion, and reduced biodiversity. These factors contrast sharply with approaches that involve planting multiple species or rotating crops, which can enhance ecosystem stability and resilience.